In winter, it may seem like gardeners get a break, but there’s still work to be done. This season provides the ideal time to analyze the previous year, plan for the upcoming one, and explore new gardening techniques. Winter is also the time to stock up on seeds, fertilizers, and plant care products. So, what exactly should be done in the garden and vegetable plot during winter?
Though there may not be much to do outdoors, certain tasks are essential to boost productivity. The first priority is snow retention, especially in areas with little snow. On windy or hilly areas where snow blows away, branches, reeds, or corn stalks should be placed crosswise to the wind direction. This helps the soil freeze less and improves its ability to absorb water in spring. Without this, meltwater on frozen ground flows into low areas.
A snow layer of 10 cm (4 inches) can produce up to 300 liters of water per 10 m² (107 square feet) when it melts in spring. To speed up the melting process toward the end of winter, scatter dark, granular materials like soil, charcoal, or sand on the surface, as dark colors absorb sunlight faster.
December: Winter Garden Maintenance
At least once a week, inspect your plot. To protect tree roots from rodents, compact the snow around the trunk base. If there’s no snow, add manure or peat. Wet snow can weigh down young fruit trees, breaking branches. Tie the branches to the trunk for support, and consider setting up bird feeders to welcome birds into your garden.
January: Winter Tasks for the Garden in Mid-Winter
Check fruit trees for frost damage and, if not done earlier, pile snow around the bases of trees and berry bushes. For harsher winters, insulate fruit trees with newspaper around the trunk and main branches, secured with twine and covered with tar paper.
Inspect trees and shrubs for any dry leaves or shriveled fruits still on the branches, as they may harbor pests. Collect and dispose of these to eliminate overwintering pests and diseases.
Prevent rodent damage by packing snow tightly under tree canopies after each snowfall. For berry plants, particularly strawberries, ensure they’re protected, as their roots cannot withstand temperatures below -8°C (18°F). Snow or spruce branches can serve as insulation, providing additional defense against rabbits and other pests.
Birds are valuable allies in pest control. Encourage them to your plot with homemade feeders using milk cartons. Fill feeders with grains, seeds, dried berries, or unsalted lard. Hanging small bits of lard near moth nests can attract birds like tits, which may also eat nearby pests.
After heavy snowfalls, gently shake the snow from tree branches and shrubs to prevent breakage. Inside, you can also focus on checking stored seeds, vegetables, and planting materials, removing anything spoiled and starting early plantings of cucumber and tomato seedlings.
February: Preparing for the Growing Season
February is ideal for restocking garden supplies like seeds, fertilizers, and tools. Check on any fruit tree cuttings stored from autumn to ensure they’re in good condition. If cuttings were not prepared in advance, now is the time to cut and bundle them, wrapping them with spruce branches and burlap for protection, and storing them under snow.
Examine fruit trees once more for pest nests or overwintering insects. Remove any remaining leaves and mummified fruits.
Winter tasks in the garden and vegetable plot may seem few, but they are essential for a successful growing season. By following these steps, you can help ensure a productive and healthy garden when spring arrives.