Aporocactus flagelliformis, commonly known as the Rat-tail cactus, is a striking cactus native to southwestern Mexico and parts of Central America. It is distinguished by its long, trailing stems that can grow up to 1.2 meters (4 feet) in maturity. The cactus blooms in spring and early summer, usually producing vibrant purple-red flowers, though occasionally flowers in shades of pink and orange may appear. Its flowers are tubular and quite large, approximately 5 cm (2 inches) in diameter. While the plant produces numerous flowers in late spring, each bloom lasts only a couple of days. Plant the Aporocactus in the spring to allow it the full growing season to establish itself.
In the wild, Aporocactus flagelliformis is either lithophytic or epiphytic, meaning it grows on the ground or on larger structures such as trees. When cultivated, it is usually grown in hanging pots or baskets due to its stems, which can extend up to 30 cm (12 inches) per year.
Care Guide for Aporocactus flagelliformis
Aporocactus is an indoor plant, but you can place it on your patio or veranda during warm summer months. Ensure that it is positioned in a safe spot where you won’t accidentally brush against its sharp spines.
This plant is quite drought-resistant and can survive long periods without much care.
Light
Aporocactus, being a desert-dwelling plant, requires bright, direct sunlight year-round. Place it in a south- or west-facing window where it can receive direct sun.
Soil
Excellent drainage is crucial, so opt for a lightweight potting mix. Like all cacti, Aporocactus thrives in slightly acidic soil with a pH of 5.0 to 6.0, which is common in most commercial cactus potting mixes.
Watering
Water your Aporocactus regularly during the growing season to keep the soil slightly moist. Reduce watering in the fall, gradually decreasing it as winter approaches. During the plant’s dormancy in winter, it typically does not need watering, though you may lightly water it if the soil becomes completely dry.
Temperature and Humidity
This cactus is quite resilient and can tolerate temperatures ranging from 7°C to 32°C (45°F to 90°F). Standard room temperatures are ideal, with nighttime temperatures ranging between 15°C and 20°C (59°F to 68°F). It is not frost-resistant, so ensure it is never exposed to freezing conditions.
The average humidity level in most homes is sufficient for Aporocactus. Excessive humidity may cause stem rot, while extremely dry conditions can lead to spider mite infestations.
Fertilization
Feed your Aporocactus with a diluted liquid fertilizer at half strength approximately every two weeks during the growing season in spring and summer.
Pruning
Aside from removing dead or diseased plant parts, the only pruning needed for this cactus is carefully removing spent flowers. Be cautious when handling the plant and wear protective gloves with long cuffs.
Propagation
Due to its numerous stems and rapid growth, this cactus is very easy to propagate from cuttings, allowing you to create new plants each season. As with pruning, protect your hands and forearms when handling it.
- Cut a 15 cm (6-inch) section of any healthy stem using a sharp knife.
- Allow the cutting to dry in the open air for three days so the cut end can callous over.
- Fill a pot with a cactus potting mix and create a hole in the center using a pencil or stick.
- Insert the cut end into the soil so that it is fully planted.
- Secure the cutting with a wooden skewer if needed.
- Place the pot in a bright location, keeping the soil evenly moist but not overly wet.
- After a few weeks, the cactus should develop roots.
Growing Aporocactus flagelliformis from Seeds
Aporocactus seeds are not widely available, and since propagation from cuttings is so simple, growing from seed is generally unnecessary.
Planting and Repotting
Aporocactus looks best when grown in a hanging pot. Line the container with sphagnum moss or another organic material before filling it with a cactus mix.
This cactus grows quickly and should be repotted annually at the end of the growing season, once flowering has finished. A larger pot may be necessary if the plant has reached maturity, but fresh soil is essential. Since Aporocactus rapidly depletes nutrients, repotting ensures the plant has a fresh supply.
Overwintering
Whether you grow Aporocactus outdoors year-round or bring it inside for winter, the cactus requires a dormancy period in which it should be kept at temperatures between 12°C and 18°C (54°F to 64°F). However, its light requirements remain unchanged – it still needs bright light all year. Find a cool spot in your home, away from high-traffic areas, to prevent people and pets from accidentally touching its spines.
Common Pests
The most common pests affecting Aporocactus are spider mites and scale insects, which feed on the plant’s sap. This can cause the cactus to appear dull and/or develop tiny white spots from punctures. These pests can be controlled using insecticidal soap or neem oil.
How to Encourage Blooming
If you repot your cactus as needed, use fresh cactus mix, and fertilize it regularly, inadequate sunlight is the most common reason for a lack of blooming. Full, bright direct sunlight is essential for the cactus to produce flowers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Do Aporocactus flagelliformis flowers have a scent?
No, the flowers of this cactus do not have a noticeable fragrance.
Why does my Aporocactus have aerial roots?
Aerial roots can indicate that the plant is not receiving enough water and is attempting to absorb moisture from the air.