Advantages and Disadvantages of Laminate Flooring

Laminate flooring mimics the appearance of parquet but has its own set of pros and cons. Unlike natural flooring, laminate is not made of wood but of a high-density fiberboard (HDF) base pressed under high pressure and temperature. This is topped with a decorative polymer-based layer protected by a wear-resistant film. At a glance, it’s hard to distinguish laminate from natural wood flooring, such as parquet. Modern manufacturing techniques allow laminate to replicate not only various wood textures but also other materials like marble, granite, patterns, and even artwork. So, what are the key advantages and disadvantages of laminate flooring?

Laminate Structure

1. Top layer – A protective coating made of melamine resin provides resistance to mechanical impacts and prolonged loads.
2. Decorative layer – Specially treated paper that replicates different wood types or other design options.
3. Kraft paper layer – Resin-impregnated paper to which a printed plastic layer is adhered.
4. Core layer – HDF (high-density fiberboard), often moisture-resistant to prevent swelling at interlocking joints if moisture penetrates between the seams.
5. Stabilizing layer – Ensures the geometric stability of the entire panel.

Advantages of Laminate Flooring

1. Durability: Resistant to abrasion, heavy loads, and pressure. It doesn’t dent or show marks from heavy objects and allows furniture with wheels to move without scratching or scuffing the surface.
2. Heat resistance: Handles high temperatures well and doesn’t require refinishing or polishing like parquet. A simple wipe with a damp cloth is enough for cleaning.
3. Eco-friendliness: Contains no harmful chemicals, doesn’t harbor dirt or bacteria, is hypoallergenic, and safe for use in children’s rooms.
4. Ease of installation: Can be laid over PVC flooring, heated floors, open seams, wooden floors, or linoleum.
5. Longevity: With proper installation, laminate flooring lasts over 10 years.
6. Affordability: It is significantly cheaper than parquet flooring.

Disadvantages of Laminate Flooring

1. Load classification: Laminate is divided into classes based on its load tolerance.
   • Class 21: Suitable for low-traffic areas like bedrooms or studies.
   • Class 22: Medium load tolerance, ideal for children’s rooms or living rooms.
   • Class 23: High load tolerance, fit for hallways, dining rooms, or kitchens.
     Lower strength classes are cheaper but less durable. Choosing a higher class ensures a longer lifespan.
2. Surface preparation: The surface must be dry, solid, and properly leveled, with no height differences exceeding 3 mm per square meter. Installing laminate over linoleum or wooden floors requires extra care. To avoid squeaking, it’s best to dismantle old wooden boards.
3. Moisture sensitivity: Excess moisture in the seams can cause the laminate to chip or crack. For kitchens, it’s better to use glued laminate, which is more suitable for humid environments. Additionally, sealing the joints with a water-resistant solution is recommended.
4. Delamination and swelling: Improper installation using the “floating” method can lead to these issues.
5. Squeaking: Uneven surfaces or old wooden bases may cause squeaks. For sound insulation, use cork underlay (2–4 mm thick).
6. Cost-effectiveness: Savings are only achievable with low-quality laminate. High-class laminate is almost as expensive as parquet flooring.